An estimate is made of the losses in superconducting transformer windings. In a superconducting transformer the primary dissipates no power except for a small electromagnetic radiation term, so near 100% efficiency can be obtained with no core at all. Pdf a study of superconducting transformer with shortcircuit. Conductor losses in superconducting transformers sciencedirect. University of southampton, southampton so17 1bj, uk. High tc superconductor, which has superconducting properties in liquid nitrogen temperature, was discovered in 1986. Htsc superconduction the lossfree electric conduction properties of some materials at. En quelques secondes, transformez gratuitement vos documents et obtenez des pdf dune haute qualite. Development of the superconducting transformer is arguably the most difficult of the ac power applications of superconductivity this is because of the need for verylow ac losses, adequate fault and surge performance, and the rigors of the application environment.
High temperature superconducting cables are defined as are the different types, warm dielectric and cryogenic dielectric. Conceptual study of superconducting urban area power systems. Design results are presented for a fivelegged core, threephase, 3. Sc transformer secondary coil 78 turns primary coil 3370 turns to supply current to the sample a superconducting transformer i. Sectional view of the transformer one half weight of magnetic parts weight of windings hv m hv 71 kg weight of windings lv.
Superconducting transformer design and construction core. Superconducting transformers for study of highcurrent. The leakage flux around the transformer winding has two components. Does ornl part of initiative for superconducting transformer. The early development of high temperature superconducting partial core transformers at the university of canterbury is then examined. The rated current of the transformer was 65a on all the windings.
Cn102426464a automatic liquid supplementation device of. Development of a new superconducting main transformer for. Does ornl part of initiative for superconducting transformer august 31, 1998 a superconductivity partnership initiative to be signed tuesday by the department of energy doe and waukesha electric systems is a mega boost toward nextgeneration transformers that are vastly more efficient, reliable and compact. The many promising hts applications include electric power transmission, transformers, power storage devices, electrical generators, and fault current limiters in a highperformance smart grid. By applying and sensing direct current and voltage signals at the io loops, we manipulated and detected magnetic flux quantization in the isolated central ring without relying on an. A bismuthbased superconducting tape wire was used for each of the windings of the testmanufactured main transformer.
The most important parameter that is of utmost interest in superconducting machine is the generation of a very high magnetic field that. In order to make it possible to produce superconducting coils with small overall height, they are made from a plurality of coil subunits, optionally with a plurality of layers for each coil subunit, in particular in the case of the lowvoltage coil of a transformer. Experimental superconducting transformer for current stepupt. Mar 24, 2014 transformer is a static device which transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another circuit without changing its frequency. This paper describes the design of a 3 phase high temperature superconducting hts transformer and its characteristics are analyzed. A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductorsthe transformers coils. First, a copper mockup of the superconducting transformer was designed where the mockup would have the same tape and winding dimensions. Early partial core development is discussed followed by some material testing at cryogenic temperatures.
We examined the topological nanostructuring of the flux transformer. A copper winding transformer model, based on a steinmetz equivalent circuit and a reverse design method, is described. Gilabert university of nice sophia antipolis, ua cnrs 190, part valrose, 06108 nice cedex, france ivan k. Inductive shielded fcl in a three main application areas are. Design optimization of hightemperature superconducting.
If these are not to be excessive, the transformer has to have a large rating. While our circuit uses an electrically tunable transformer similar to that demonstrated previously in superconducting circuits 11, 12, the direct measure. However, when the transformer manufacturer decided to leave the project, the team effort was refocused to develop the key technologies necessary to produce a fcl second generation 2g high temperature superconducting hts transformer commercial prototype. Abstract the chapter provides an overview of power applications of high temperature superconductivity hts with emphasis on superconducting transformers. Borcherds iq a previous paper 1 the author derived certain relation ships connecting the size of a transformer and the acceptable core. Bruynseraede j3 university of nice sophia antipolis, ua cnrs 190, parc valrose. Application of superconducting technology to power transformers. Superconducting transformer was modeled 1mva transformer, fig. The middle and outside windings were connected in series, in effect making it a 230v230v isolating transformer figure 3. This paper briefly summarizes the history of superconducting transformer. We propose to introduce an ironcore superconducting transformer between the conventional power supply and the magnet. Power supply for the edipo test facility for quality control.
High temperature superconducting transmission cables. A superconducting transformer coil 2 is arranged inside a liquid nitrogen dewar 1 of the superconducting transformer. The feasibility of a uhv superconducting transformer sct in an electric power system is studied. Evaluation of an efficiencent transformer core design poonam lutchman a dissertation submitted to the faculty of engineering and the built environment, university of the witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements. A new design of a 15kva single phase full core superconducting transformer, operating in liquid nitrogen, is presented. A transformer is a passive electrical device that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to one or more circuits.
The sensor based on the giant magnetoresistance effect. This article describes the development of a directcurrent dc superconducting transformer system for the high current test of superconducting cables. This step leads to an optimized operation of the powering system and it is applicable with both low and high tc superconductors. Introduction to superconducting magnets cea saclay 6082016 22 a brief history of magnetism. It has two identical lv windings taken toward the outside. Highlights we study a superconducting film flux transformer for the sensor of magnetic field. However, it is doubtful that superconductors will proliferate through the entire power grid. First, a copper mockup of the superconducting transformer was designed where the mockup would have the same tape and winding dimensions as the superconducting transformer, which means the same core can be used for two different sets of windings. A concept for a high voltage bushing was presented but the concept was not developed. New josephsonlike effect in a superconducting transformer. Superconducting currentlimiting transformer for successful integration of renewable energy sources into our grids and the grids dynamic response to production and load fluctuations, grid structures are more finely meshed and grid branches are coupled on various voltage levels, where coupling has not been necessary so far. Calculation of ac loss for high temperature superconductor. To reduce losses, the cryostat was to be made of a nonconducting fiberglass reinforced plastic frp.
The coil subunits are placed around a transformer core in a cryostat. Hts high temperature superconducting hv high voltage ieee institute of electrical and electronics engineers k. Then, sct can be recovered to the superconducting state from the normal state with enough time. A composite material dewar was developed to contain the fluid nitrogen. Copper primary winding superconducting shorted secondary winding primary winding is in series with the line to be protected. Comparison of the efficiency of superconducting and. From this circuit we find the ratio of secondary current to. Superconducting film flux transformer for a sensor of a weak. Lts for conventional technologies transformer riemersma 1981 hep detector magnet desportes 1980 500mhz nmr williams 1981 0. Slade, cryotron substrate interconnection tech niques, ieee trans.
Superconducting power equipment is presently implemented in the grid mainly in socalled standalone demonstrator applications. This idea en ables a direct comparison between measurements of en ergy decay t1 and the transformed dissipation from the environment. Htsc superconduction the lossfree electric conduction properties of some materials at very low temperatures was discovered in 1911. The goal of this work is the comparison of the efficiency and the annual energy losses of a superconducting from 2g high temperature superconductors and. Their application to domestic power supply is also explained as are the reasons why they will become the standard method of power distribution. A partial core superconducting transformer, that was built in the electrical and computer engineering department, was tested under noload, shortcircuit, fullload and a two minute fullload endurance run. New transformer for powering superconducting magnets. This means, for example, that a conventional highvoltage cable is replaced by a superconducting mediumvoltage cable or that a single superconducting fault current limiter or a smes is implemented in a conventional grid. Since superconductors have no dc resistance, they typically have greater efficiency. As ac loss and critical current of hts tapes are dependent on. Does ornl part of initiative for superconducting transformer august 31, 1998 a superconductivity partnership initiative to be signed tuesday by the department of energy doe and waukesha electric systems is a mega boost toward nextgeneration transformers that.
A 1100550kv, 1750mva sct is conceptually designed, which has windings of ultrafine filament. Conceptual study of superconducting urban area power. An innovative transformer concept using ceramic hightemperature superconductors instead of copper as winding material could reduce the transformer losses almost to zero. The inside winding was rated for 230v and both the middle and outside windings rated for 115v.
Control and readout of currentinduced magnetic flux. Thats a pretty effective way to eliminate core losses. Ratings the singlephase transformer has a nominal frequency of 50 hz. High temperature superconducting partial core transformers.
Avec son interface simple, vous propose des conversions en pdf instantanees, illimitees et securisees. The feasibility of a uhv superconducting transformersct in an electric power system is studied. The working principle consists in coupling a high inductive primary coil with a low inductive secondary coil. Electrical power engineering, school of electronics and computer science.
The superconducting transformer consisted of three windings. A varying current in the first or primary winding creates a varying magnetic flux in the transformers core and thus a. The purpose of the development was to reduce the size and weight of main transformers and improve their efficiency. Deschanels, fonctionnement du transformateur a courant continu utile en ponlpe a flux, cen saclay report cear3249,july 1967. Outline superconducting transformers o transformer history o basic transformer design o motivation of superconducting transformers o basics of superconducting transformers o types o electrical circuit o losses and loss evaluation o stateoftheart 10.
Pdf the paper presents physicomathematical models for analyzing transient processes in electrical networks having transformers with a. We have increased of important parameters of a magnetic field sensor. Transformed dissipation in superconducting quantum circuits. Request pdf comparison of the efficiency of superconducting and conventional transformers for a transformer, the annual energy loss depends on the loaddependent efficiency of the transformer. For a transformer, the annual energy loss depends on the loaddependent efficiency of the transformer and the characteristic load curve at the specific location in the grid or elsewhere. Development of a new superconducting main transformer for trains. New josephsonlike effect in a superconductlng transformer a.
Superconducting electric machines are electromechanical systems that rely on the use of one or more superconducting elements. The primary dissipates power mainly because of its electrical resistance. Oct 22, 2007 the primary dissipates power mainly because of its electrical resistance. Transformer is a static device which transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another circuit without changing its frequency. A high frequency superconducting aircore transformer the proposed power transformer is constructed by using superconductor wound on an air core, the primary and secondary windings as shown in figure 5 are spiral in shape, and they are made in bifilar way and interleaved each other. The current transfa problem was not solved at transformer development m of 1 transformer and the be the the to a. The current in the sample is energized by a superconducting transformer circuit, using an inductive method, where the sample conductor is a part of the secondary circuit. It is worth noting that the reactance of transformers is less, considering the whole power system, thus having less influence upon the stability of the power system. Seminar ppt sfcl ppt transformer superconductivity. Can superconductors be used to reduce transmission losses in.
The windings were layer twisted with bi2223 hts wire. Sole, theorie, analyse et applications du fonctionne. Magneting coupling force of the superconducting dc transformer, phys. We shall first discuss theparametersthatinfluence the design of such a superconducting transformer. In order to make it possible to produce superconducting coils with small overall height, they are made from a plurality of coil subunits, optionally with a plurality of layers for each coil subunit, in particular in. The paper presents the current state of research on superconducting devices for the electrical power system. The issues with building the superconducting transformer are outlined. Pdf an experimental high temperature superconducting. Development of a 1 mva 3phase superconducting transformer using ybco roebel cable n glasson, m staines, r buckley, m pannu, s kalsi ieee transactions on applied superconductivity 21 3, 9396. Transformer academic dictionaries and encyclopedias. A 100 kva transformer used by eskom has noload losses of 300 w. The invention discloses an automatic liquid supplementation device of a hightemperature superconducting transformer. The incomplete center was a slug of covered silicon steel. A varying current in any one coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux, which, in turn, induces a varying electromotive force across any other coils wound around the same core.
A superconducting transformer system for high current cable. New superconducting transformer is light and compact. In summary, we have demonstrated the operation of a superconducting transformer, formed by three superconducting rings, interconnected via two permalloy cores. These changes include ac losses, shortcircuit stresses, and cooling loads. Pdf in 2005, the development of a 50hz, 15kva, 30v. Transformers o types o electrical circuit o losses and loss evaluation o state oftheart. Superconducting transformer design and construction. First off, there are superconductors which do not need to be cooled to extraordinarily cold temperatures. After simulation, it is concluded that there is almost no difference between the radial leakage flux of core type and shell type superconducting transformer.
1429 1468 1030 1466 21 1375 308 898 671 1359 669 903 1274 1248 805 65 249 522 1383 209 1323 328 1196 193 1126 775 218 1139 566 1484 1467 158 826 309 379 405 324 1375 165 141 658 517 296 1254 1201